Lead-carbon batteries are an advanced type of lead-acid battery that incorporates carbon materials to improve charge acceptance and cycle life. They are known for their cost-effectiveness and tolerance to partial state of charge.
Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, on the other hand, are part of the lithium-ion family, offering high cycle life, fast charging capability, and superior energy density. They are widely used in residential, commercial, and utility-scale energy storage systems.

Types of Lead-Carbon and LFP Battery Systems

• Lead-Carbon: Mostly applied in stationary storage projects, telecom base stations, and small-scale backup power.

• LFP: Widely adopted in modular solutions, including 5kWh–80kWh stackable household systems, 100kWh–372kWh commercial ESS, and 3.35MWh–5MWh containerized solutions.
  Some manufacturers still deploy lead-carbon for cost-sensitive projects, but LFP has become dominant in large-scale applications.

Features of Lead-Carbon vs. LFP Batteries

• Lead-Carbon:

Moderate cost, lower than lithium systems.

Tolerant to partial charge cycles.

Limited cycle life (1000–2000 cycles).

Heavier and less energy-dense.

• LFP:

High safety and thermal stability.

Long cycle life (6000–8000+ cycles).

High energy density, compact footprint.

Environmentally friendlier with longer service lifespan.

Applications of Lead-Carbon and LFP Batteries

• Lead-Carbon: Telecom backup, small renewable projects, off-grid applications in remote areas.

• LFP:

Residential ESS: 5kWh–10kWh wall-mounted and rack systems for home backup and solar storage.

C&I ESS: 100kWh–241kWh air-cooled and 215kWh–372kWh liquid-cooled systems for demand response and peak shaving.

Utility ESS: 3.35MWh–5MWh container ESS for grid support and renewable energy integration.

Price of Energy Storage Systems

The cost of energy storage systems for renewable energy integration depends on several factors, including system capacity, storage duration, battery type, control software, installation conditions, and auxiliary equipment.
Pricing is usually quoted under international trade terms such as EXW, FOB, or CIF, depending on project location and logistics preferences.
For a tailored quotation based on your specific project needs, it's best to consult directly with the supplier.

How to Select Between Lead-Carbon and LFP Batteries?

Project Budget: Lead-carbon suits cost-sensitive short-term projects, while LFP is ideal for long-term ROI.

Cycle Life Needs: For frequent cycling, LFP offers far superior performance.

Energy Density: Space-limited projects benefit from LFP's compact design.

Future Scalability: Containerized LFP ESS (up to 5MWh) supports modular expansion, which lead-carbon systems cannot easily achieve.

How Long Do These Batteries Last?

• Lead-Carbon: Around 3–5 years in daily cycling applications.

• LFP: Typically 10–15 years, matching over 8000 charge-discharge cycles.

The Supplier of Advanced ESS Solutions

Global energy storage manufacturers now focus on LFP-based systems for scalability and safety, though lead-carbon remains a transitional choice for small or specialized projects. Products such as 100kWh–241kWh air-cooled, 215kWh–372kWh liquid-cooled, and 3.35MWh–5MWh containerized LFP systems demonstrate the industry's shift toward lithium technology.